Table 1 Demographics, Underlying Comorbidities, and Clinical Manifestations of Patients with Tuberculous Meningitis (N = 100)
Variables | Possible (n = 63) | Probable (n = 22) | Definite (n = 15) | Total (n = 100) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Age (years), median (percentile 25 to percentile 75) | 38.0 (27.0 to 58.0) | 33.5 (27.0 to 51.0) | 38.0 (29.0 to 45.0) | 36.5 (27.5 to 55.0) |
Elderly (≥ 65 years), n (%) | 8 (12.7) | 2 (9.1) | 3 (20.0) | 13 (13.0) |
Gender (male), n (%) | 38 (60.3) | 12 (54.6) | 7 (46.7) | 57 (57.0) |
Underlying comorbidities, n (%) | ||||
Immunocompromised | 16/61 (26.2) | 4 (18.2) | 2 (13.3) | 22/98 (22.5) |
Cardiovascular disorders | 10/60 (16.7) | 3 (13.6) | 2 (13.3) | 15/97 (15.5) |
Diabetes mellitus | 8/61 (13.1) | 1 (4.6) | 0 | 9/98 (9.2) |
Rheumatologic disorders | 6/61 (9.8) | 1 (4.6) | 2 (13.3) | 9/98 (9.2) |
Cancer | 1/61 (1.6) | 0 | 0 | 1/98 (1.0) |
HIV/AIDS | 0 | 1 (4.6) | 0 | 1/98 (1.0) |
Addiction | 13/56 (23.2) | 3 (13.6) | 3 (20.0) | 19/93 (20.4) |
Clinical manifestations, n (%) | ||||
Headache | 36/62 (58.1) | 15 (68.2) | 12 (80.0) | 63/99 (63.6) |
Fever | 40/62 (64.5) | 14 (63.6) | 10 (66.7) | 64/99 (64.7) |
Seizures | 6/62 (9.7) | 5 (22.7) | 2 (13.3) | 13/99 (13.1) |
Altered consciousness | 34 (54.0) | 15 (68.2) | 11 (73.3) | 60 (60.0) |
Neck stiffness | 27/62 (43.6) | 12 (54.6) | 5 (33.3) | 44/99 (44.4) |
FNDs | 30/60 (50.0) | 12 (54.6) | 6/14 (42.9) | 48/96 (50.0) |
Visual problem | 14/62 (22.6) | 7 (31.8) | 2 (13.3) | 23/99 (23.2) |
Speech problem | 7/62 (12.0) | 5 (22.7) | 3 (20.0) | 15/99 (15.2) |
Paresis | 20/62 (32.3) | 8 (36.4) | 5 (33.3) | 33/99 (33.3) |
Cranial nerve palsies | 16/59 (27.1) | 8 (36.4) | 2 (14.3) | 26/95 (27.4) |
Classic triad of meningitis1 | 12/62 (19.4) | 4 (18.2) | 3 (20.0) | 19/99 (19.2) |
Symptom duration (days), median (percentile 25 to percentile 75) | 10.0 (5.0 to 30.0), n = 56 | 14.0 (7.0 to 30.0) | 21.0 (5.0 to 45.0) | 12.0 (6.0 to 30.0) |